The General Assembly recently enacted a new “revenge porn” statute. S.L. 2015-250. The law actually gives the offense a tamer name: Disclosure of Private Images. The statute takes effect December 1, 2015, and applies to offenses committed on or after that date. Here’s what you need to know about the new crime.
Statute
G.S. 14-190.5A
Elements
A person guilty of this offense:
(1) knowingly
(2) discloses an image of another person
(3) with the intent to
(a) coerce, harass, intimidate, demean, humiliate, or cause financial loss to the depicted person, or
(b) cause others to coerce, harass, intimidate, demean, humiliate, or cause financial loss to the depicted person, and
(4) the depicted person is identifiable from the disclosed image or from information offered in connection with it,
(5) the depicted person’s intimate parts are exposed or the depicted person is engaged in sexual conduct in the disclosed image,
(6) the person discloses the image without the affirmative consent of the depicted person, and
(7) the person discloses the image under circumstances such that he or she knew or should have known that the depicted person had a reasonable expectation of privacy.
G.S. 14-190.5A(b).
Punishment
If the defendant is 18 or older at the time of the offense, Class H felony. G.S. 14-190.5A(c)(1). If the defendant is less than 18 years old at the time of the offense, a first offense is a Class 1 misdemeanor and a second or subsequent offense is a Class H felony. G.S. 14-190.5A(c)(2) & (3).
Notes
Element (2). To “disclose” means to transfer, publish, distribute, or reproduce. G.S. 14-190.5A(a)(1). The term “image” includes a photograph, film, videotape, recording, digital, or other reproduction. Id. at (a)(2).
Element (5). The term “intimate parts” means any of the following naked human parts: genitals, pubic area, anus, or the nipple of a female over the age of 12. G.S. 14-190.5A(a)(3). The term “sexual conduct” means any of the following:
- vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse, whether actual or simulated, normal or perverted;
- masturbation, excretory functions, or lewd exhibition of uncovered genitals;
- an act or condition that depicts torture, physical restraint by being fettered or bound, or flagellation of or by a nude person or a person clad in undergarments or in revealing or bizarre costume.
G.S. 14-190.5A(a)(6). This is the same definition of sexual conduct that applies with respect to obscenity. G.S. 14-190.1(c).
Element (7). The term “reasonable expectation of privacy” is defined as follows: “When a depicted person has consented to the disclosure of an image within the context of a personal relationship and the depicted person reasonably believes that the disclosure will not go beyond that relationship.” G.S. 14-190.5A(a)(5). “Personal relationship” is defined by reference to G.S. 50B-1(b); it thus means a relationship where the parties:
- are current or former spouses;
- are persons of opposite sex who live or have lived together;
- are related as parents and children, including others acting in loco parentis to a minor child, or as grandparents and grandchildren;
- have a child in common;
- are current or former household members;
- are persons of the opposite sex who are in a dating relationship or have been in a dating relationship.
G.S. 50B-1(b). A dating relationship “is one wherein the parties are romantically involved over time and on a continuous basis during the course of the relationship. A casual acquaintance or ordinary fraternization between persons in a business or social context is not a dating relationship.” Id.
Exceptions. The statute carves out exceptions for:
- images involving voluntary exposure in public or commercial settings; and
- disclosures made in the public interest, including, but not limited to, the reporting of unlawful conduct or the lawful and common practices of law enforcement, criminal reporting, legal proceedings, medical treatment, or scientific or educational activities.
G.S. 14-190.5A(d)(1) & (2). It also provides an exception for “[p]roviders of an interactive computer service, as defined in 47 U.S.C. § 230(f), for images provided by another person.” Id. at (d)(3).
Destruction of images. The court may order the destruction of images made in violation of the statute. G.S. 14-190.5A(e).
Multiple convictions and punishments. Punishment for this offense does not preclude punishment for some other criminal offense that might apply to the conduct at issue. G.S. 14-190.5A(f).
Civil action. Prosecution for this offense does not preclude civil sanctions or remedies. Id. In fact, the statute sets out a civil cause of action. G.S. 14-190.5A(g).
I have so many questions about this statute but I will start with two:
1. What do you suppose this means: “whether actual or simulated, normal or perverted”?
2. Why do you suppose the legislature has specifically excluded from this “protection” all gay people: “are persons of the opposite sex who are in a dating relationship” ?
I cannot answer 1, but it appears that 2 is just reflecting an existing statute which defines “personal relationship,” that is outdated and is in serious need of modification given the recent court rulings which have established the rights of same-sex couples to marry.
Actual or simulated means that it’s literally either someone having vaginal, oral or anal sex with someone, or someone simulating sex (sex toys, masturbating, etc.) but is not actually engaging in sex.
So, if someone is under 18 years of age and distributes or releases or posts a pornographic or sexual image under this statute it is a misdemeanor the first time. If BOTH persons are under the age of 18 is the offender also able to be charged with the appropriate child pornography charges that we have seen used against kids for sexting?
So, two men in a relationship but one is married to a woman. One man takes pictures of the married man and post them so the wife will see them. Is he liable under this statute?
” or flagellation of or by a nude person or a person clad in undergarments or in revealing or bizarre costume.” So wearing a tuxedo gets you a pass?
What is bizarre? So much of the language of this law is left to the imagination . One can imagine a group of Southern legislators sitting at a table trying to word a statute while conveying the impression that they are so far removed from such shenanigans that they cannot even put such concepts into wordṣ..funny .
Casual flings or “hookups” don’t seem to meet the “dating relationship” criteria here either. So a quick hookup with a co-worker on a weekend retreat is fair game…
So our general assembly is excluding gays and lesbians from this protection?
Why does anyone in this backwards state of eternal 1950 expect anything different? No rape shield laws, no requirement to test rape kits and no protection of gays…typical southern bible toting mentality. If you are not a white man you are a second class individual…the fact that women can vote here is amazing!
Why are you here then?
And still you stay.
This was very helpful information in finding out what i could do about someone stealing pics and videos from an sd card thry stole and showing many different people n our town after we broke up. Thanks for the info
My ex husband send a family member naked pictures an a video of me after we been apart 2 years an divorce the pass7 months why hold on to pictures an video my ex husband took while we marry an living together,without my concent.
Is this a registerable offense Jessica?
What if the victim is underage and your local police won’t do anything about it?
My ex recently posted a video of me to a porn site. My face is in it everything. I haven’t given him permission to disseminate. I haven’t even seen him in almost 5 years. It was brought to my attention by someone on my social media page that was embarrassed to tell me. What should I do?
This is the second time he’s done something like this and he lives in another state
My daughter had her fb account hacked by her ex.he posted a pornographic video of her that she had no idea he had.he us mad that she moved on and found someone else.so he posted this video for 9hrs on facebook.we had ni idea about it until family and friends started blowing up our phones about it.we tried to save the video but it wouldn’t let us.so without the video police say we can’t do anything even though family and friends a willing to send letters notarized stating they seen it and what it contains.is there anything we can do.he hacked her account and deleted it.he has done this several times.he is a computer gacker and he is good at what he does.please help us
So I’m 14 and I think he is 15 he screenshot my nudes off of another phone and constantly threatens me to talk to him or send him more pictures and videos and if I say no he says he will leaked them. I haven’t seen them anywhere but I think he has sent it to his friends but I’m unsure. I never told him he could screenshot anything I sent him, he only sent me one video of mine so I don’t know what else he has. What should I do?