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	<title>North Carolina Criminal Law</title>
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	<lastBuildDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 11:37:58 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Non-Officers Applying for Search Warrants</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4319</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4319#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 11:37:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jeff Welty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Search and Seizure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[search warrants]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4319</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I’ve been asked several times recently whether people who are not sworn law-enforcement officers may apply for search warrants. Somewhat to my surprise, the answer is yes. Statutory analysis. For starters, the search warrant statutes themselves suggest that anyone may apply. The statutes repeatedly refer to “the applicant” in generic terms. By contrast, they specify [...]]]></description>
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		<title>PREA Part II: Overview of Substantive Standards</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4317</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4317#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 16:40:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jamie Markham</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PREA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prison rape elimination act]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regulations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sexual assault]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4317</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My last post discussed the applicability of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) to North Carolina’s jails. Today’s post looks at the substantive standards themselves. These are the standards with which state prisons must comply to avoid the state losing five percent of certain federal grant funds, and with which local jails may have to [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<title>Does the Prison Rape Elimination Act Apply to Local Jails?</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4314</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4314#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Jun 2013 13:54:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jamie Markham</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jail]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PREA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prison]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prison rape elimination act]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4314</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have been getting many questions lately about the applicability and impact of the federal Prison Rape Elimination Act, or PREA. Specifically, people want to know the extent to which the law and its accompanying regulatory standards apply to local jails. This post provides some background on PREA and then discusses its applicability and enforceability. [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>News Roundup</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4312</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4312#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Jun 2013 13:12:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jeff Welty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The Racial Justice Act is nearing repeal. Both chambers of the General Assembly have passed S 306, an omnibus capital punishment bill that does away with the Act. Governor McCrory has previously criticized the Act, so a veto is not likely. The News and Observer editorializes against the repeal here. Assuming that the Act is [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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		<title>Jury Instructions for DWI</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4309</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4309#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Jun 2013 16:11:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Shea Denning</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Motor Vehicles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Procedure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[.08]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impaired driving]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jury instructions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prima facie case]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4309</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Forget all your legal training. Pretend you are a juror in a DWI case. Facts. The following facts were established at trial: The defendant was stopped at a checkpoint. The officer smelled alcohol and defendant admitted that he had consumed two glasses of wine earlier in the evening. No field sobriety tests were administered, and [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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		<title>Advising a Defendant of the Maximum Possible Sentence During a Habitual Felon Plea</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4307</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4307#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Jun 2013 11:41:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jeff Welty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Procedure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[guilty pleas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitual felon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[maximum sentence]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4307</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When a defendant pleads guilty, the judge is required to “inform[] him of the maximum possible sentence” associated with his offense. G.S. 15A-1022(a)(6). When a defendant pleads guilty to being a habitual felon, he must be informed of the maximum sentence he faces as a habitual felon, because the enhanced sentence is a “direct consequence [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Why Trafficking Really Bites</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4306</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4306#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Jun 2013 19:02:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jessica Smith</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Crimes and Elements]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sentencing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drug trafficking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trafficking]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4306</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Drug trafficking offenses can lead to really long sentences, and not just because of the special minimums and maximums that apply to those crimes. Consider this example: My husband and I agree to grow marijuana. We grow and harvest 50 pounds of it. We then arrange to sell it to a street-level distributor. Finally, we [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Beyond Legislative Solutions to Melendez-Diaz</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4303</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4303#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Jun 2013 13:20:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jessica Smith</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Evidence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Motor Vehicles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Procedure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[blood tests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[confrontation clause]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crawford]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impaired driving]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[melendez-diaz]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[substitute analysts]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4303</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My recent paper (here) on the use of remote testimony in criminal cases involving forensic analysts was written in part because of the flood of interest in legislative solutions to Melendez-Diaz. That case held that forensic reports are testimonial and subject to the new Crawford confrontation clause analysis. One slam dunk solution to the Melendez-Diaz [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?feed=rss2&#038;p=4303</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>News Roundup</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4301</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4301#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Jun 2013 12:55:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jeff Welty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4301</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The top story of the week may be the impending repeal of the Racial Justice Act. On Wednesday, the House voted 77-39, mostly along party lines, in favor of the repeal bill. The Senate previously approved a slightly different version of the bill. It appears that the Senate plans to approve the House version next [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?feed=rss2&#038;p=4301</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
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		<title>Do Old DWIs Count toward Felony Prior Record Level?</title>
		<link>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4298</link>
		<comments>http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4298#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Jun 2013 13:49:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jamie Markham</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Motor Vehicles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sentencing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impaired driving]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prior record level]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[structured sentencing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nccriminallaw.sog.unc.edu/?p=4298</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Do old (as in, pre-1997) impaired driving convictions count toward felony prior record level? My answer is that they probably do—at least back to 1983—but there is no clear guidance from the appellate courts. When Structured Sentencing was first enacted in 1994, DWIs did not count toward felony prior record level. G.S. 15A-1340.14 (1994). Only [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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